Lecture | Magnetism
W 2024
This module provides an introduction to the various manifestations of magnetism. After a contextual and historical motivation, it begins with an introduction to the fundamental relations describing quantitatively the response of matter in an externally applied magnetic field. It describes the types of magnetism present in isolated atoms or ions and discusses the influence of the crystallographic environment. Afterwards, magnetism originating from the free electrons in a solid are discussed. Additionally, various coupling mechanisms of magnetic moments, collective effects, magnetic ordering and phase transitions are studied.